Hague Convention Turkey | Turkey 2026 Legal Guide

Attorney Bilal Alyar | İstanbul Bar Association, Reg. No: 54965 | Last Updated: March 2026

This comprehensive guide covers hague convention turkey under Turkish law, providing detailed analysis of the legal framework, procedures, requirements, and practical considerations for foreign nationals. Prepared by Attorney Bilal Alyar (İstanbul Bar Association, Registration No: 54965), this article examines the applicable legislation, regulatory requirements, and step-by-step processes relevant to hague convention turkey in Turkey for 2026.

Legal Framework for Hague Convention Turkey in Turkey

The Turkish legal system provides a comprehensive framework governing hague convention turkey. Key legislation includes the Turkish Constitution, relevant codes and statutes enacted by the Grand National Assembly, presidential decrees, and implementing regulations. Turkey’s legal system follows the civil law tradition, influenced by Swiss, German, and Italian legal codes, providing a structured approach to hague convention turkey. For foreign nationals, understanding the applicable legal framework is essential for protecting rights and achieving objectives in Turkey.

The regulatory bodies involved in matters related to hague convention turkey include the relevant ministries, courts, and administrative agencies. Turkey’s ongoing legal modernization efforts ensure that the regulatory framework continues to evolve, and staying current with these developments is important for anyone dealing with hague convention turkey in Turkey.

Key Requirements and Procedures

The process for matters related to hague convention turkey in Turkey typically involves several distinct stages, each with specific requirements and documentation. Foreign nationals should be aware that certain procedures may differ from those applicable to Turkish citizens. The Turkish government has increasingly digitalized administrative processes, making many steps available online through the e-Devlet (e-Government) portal.

Required documentation typically includes: valid passport with certified Turkish translation, Turkish tax identification number (vergi kimlik numarası), and any sector-specific certificates or permits. All foreign documents must be apostilled (for Hague Convention countries) or legalized through the Turkish embassy, and accompanied by certified translations prepared by sworn translators (yeminli tercüman) registered with Turkish notary offices.

Costs, Timeline, and Practical Considerations

Understanding the full cost structure is essential for proper planning. Costs associated with hague convention turkey in Turkey include government fees (updated annually), professional service fees, translation and notarization costs, and applicable taxes. Government fee schedules are published in the Official Gazette (Resmi Gazete) and adjusted annually for inflation.

Timeline expectations vary based on the complexity of the matter and the specific procedures involved. Working with an experienced attorney familiar with the relevant authorities can significantly reduce processing times. Turkey’s 80+ double taxation agreements and bilateral treaties may affect the rights and obligations of foreign nationals in specific situations.

Common Challenges and How to Avoid Them

Foreign nationals navigating the Turkish legal system in relation to hague convention turkey often encounter challenges related to: language barriers (all official proceedings are in Turkish), documentation standards (apostille and translation requirements), procedural differences from home country systems, and evolving regulations. To avoid these challenges, engaging qualified legal counsel early in the process is strongly advised.

Recent Developments and 2026 Updates

Turkey’s legal landscape continues to evolve. Recent developments affecting hague convention turkey include regulatory updates, fee adjustments, and new government initiatives. The government’s ongoing digital transformation efforts have streamlined many administrative procedures, reducing processing times and improving accessibility for foreign nationals.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the first step for a foreign national seeking assistance with hague convention turkey in Turkey?

The first step is to consult with a qualified Turkish attorney who can assess your specific situation and advise on the applicable legal framework. An initial consultation allows the attorney to understand your objectives, identify potential challenges, and outline the recommended course of action. Contact our office at +90 545 199 25 25 or info@bilalalyar.av.tr.

Do I need to be in Turkey for matters related to hague convention turkey?

In many cases, foreign nationals can authorize a Turkish attorney to act on their behalf through a power of attorney (vekaletname) prepared at a Turkish consulate. However, certain procedures may require personal appearance. Your attorney can advise on the specific requirements for your case.

What are the typical costs?

Costs vary based on the complexity of the matter. Government fees are set by published schedules. Legal fees are subject to the Minimum Attorney Fee Schedule published by the Turkish Bar Associations Union (TBB). Our office provides transparent fee quotations during the initial consultation.

How long does the process typically take?

Processing times vary depending on the type of matter. Administrative procedures may take 30-90 days, while judicial proceedings can extend to 6-18 months. Your attorney can provide a specific timeline based on your circumstances.

Legal Framework: Hague Convention Turkey Under Turkish Law

The Turkish legal system provides a comprehensive framework for hague convention turkey, governed primarily by Turkish Civil Code (TMK No. 4721, Articles 161-184 for divorce, 495-512 for inheritance), MÖHUK (No. 5718). Turkey’s civil law tradition, influenced by Swiss, German, and Italian codifications, creates structured mechanisms with predictable procedures and outcomes. The system operates through specialized courts (Family, Commercial, Criminal, Administrative) with a two-tier appeal process (Regional Court of Justice + Court of Cassation/Council of State). For foreign nationals, the International Private and Procedural Law (MÖHUK No. 5718) determines applicable law and jurisdiction in cross-border matters. Turkey’s 80+ bilateral treaties and membership in international conventions (Hague Conventions, New York Convention, ECHR) further shape the legal landscape.

Key regulatory authorities for hague convention turkey include: the Ministry of Interior for immigration matters, the Ministry of Justice for court administration and international judicial cooperation, the Revenue Administration (GİB) for tax obligations, the Capital Markets Board (SPK) for financial regulation, MASAK for anti-money laundering compliance, and specialized agencies depending on the subject matter. The Turkish government has progressively digitalized administrative processes through the e-Devlet portal, UYAP (judiciary system), and sector-specific online platforms, streamlining many procedures that previously required multiple in-person visits.

Step-by-Step Process for Hague Convention Turkey

Stage 1 — Initial Assessment and Planning: Every matter related to hague convention turkey begins with understanding the specific regulatory requirements and identifying the relevant authorities. A qualified Turkish attorney assesses: the applicable legal framework (domestic law, international conventions, bilateral treaties), jurisdictional considerations (which Turkish court or administrative body has authority), documentation requirements (apostille, translation, notarization standards), and timeline/cost expectations based on the specific circumstances. Stage 2 — Document Preparation: All foreign documents must be: apostilled (for Hague Convention countries) or legalized through the Turkish embassy, translated into Turkish by sworn translators (yeminli tercüman) registered with notary offices, and certified at a Turkish notary (noter). Standard documents include: valid passport with Turkish translation, Turkish tax ID (vergi kimlik numarası), and situation-specific certificates.

Stage 3 — Application/Filing: Depending on the matter, this involves: online application through the relevant government portal (e-ikamet for residence, e-Devlet for general government services, MERSIS for company registration), in-person submission at the relevant authority (migration office, court, Land Registry), or filing through an attorney via power of attorney (vekaletname). Stage 4 — Processing and Follow-Up: Administrative matters: 30-90 days typical processing. Judicial proceedings: 6-18 months at first instance. The Turkish system allows status tracking through online portals in most cases. Stage 5 — Decision and Post-Decision: Favorable decisions are implemented through the relevant authority. Unfavorable decisions can be challenged through: administrative reconsideration (15 days), judicial appeal at Administrative Court (60 days), or appellate review at Regional Court/Court of Cassation.

Required Documents and Costs

Standard Documentation for hague convention turkey: Valid passport (original + notarized Turkish translation), Turkish tax identification number (free, same-day from any tax office), biometric photographs (50x60mm, white background), criminal record certificate from country of citizenship (apostilled, translated), proof of address (Turkish and/or home country), financial documentation (bank statements, income verification), and health insurance meeting Turkish standards (for immigration-related matters). Situation-Specific Documents: Depending on the nature of hague convention turkey: investment confirmation certificates (for CBI), trade registry documents (for corporate matters), court judgments (for recognition/enforcement proceedings), property documents (for real estate transactions), and family documents (birth/marriage/divorce certificates). Each document requires apostille + sworn translation + notary certification = approximately $50-100 per document in processing costs.

Cost Structure: Government fees: published annually in the Official Gazette (Resmi Gazete), adjusted for inflation. Attorney fees: subject to the TBB (Turkish Bar Associations Union) Minimum Fee Schedule — our office provides transparent quotations during initial consultation. Translation: approximately 150-300 TRY per page. Notary: approximately 200-500 TRY per authentication. Court fees: approximately 2,000-10,000 TRY depending on matter type. For comprehensive guidance on your specific matter, contact Attorney Bilal Alyar at +90 545 199 25 25.

Common Challenges and Solutions

Foreign nationals dealing with hague convention turkey in Turkey frequently encounter: Language Barrier: All official proceedings are in Turkish. Solution: engage a bilingual attorney and use certified sworn translators for all documents and proceedings. Bureaucratic Complexity: Multiple government agencies may be involved. Solution: experienced legal counsel navigates inter-agency coordination efficiently. Document Standards: Turkish authorities have specific requirements for document format, authentication, and currency. Solution: have your attorney review all documents before submission — rejected documents cause significant delays. Evolving Regulations: Turkish law is dynamic — regulations change frequently. Solution: work with an attorney who monitors legislative developments and provides current guidance. Timeline Uncertainty: Processing times can vary significantly based on the authority’s workload and the complexity of the case. Solution: submit applications well in advance of deadlines and follow up proactively through available online tracking systems.

Recent Developments and 2026 Updates

Key 2025-2026 developments affecting hague convention turkey: Turkey’s FATF action plan progress continues to reshape the AML/compliance landscape. The 11th and 12th Judicial Reform Packages have introduced procedural efficiencies across all court types. Digital transformation of government services continues with expanded e-Devlet capabilities. Immigration regulations have been updated with revised financial thresholds. Tax rates and brackets are adjusted annually — 2026 figures should be verified against the latest Official Gazette. Our comprehensive guide is regularly updated to reflect these changes. For the latest information specific to your situation, consult with Attorney Bilal Alyar directly.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the first step for hague convention turkey?

Consult a qualified Turkish attorney who can assess your specific situation, identify the applicable legal framework, estimate costs and timeline, and recommend the optimal approach. Attorney Bilal Alyar provides initial consultations for foreign nationals — contact +90 545 199 25 25 or info@bilalalyar.av.tr.

Can I handle hague convention turkey without being in Turkey?

Many aspects can be managed remotely through a power of attorney (vekaletname) prepared at a Turkish consulate. Your attorney handles in-person requirements on your behalf. Certain procedures (biometric collection, citizenship interviews, some court hearings) may require personal appearance — your attorney advises on specific requirements.

How much does hague convention turkey cost?

Costs vary by complexity: government fees follow published schedules (updated annually), attorney fees comply with TBB minimums, and additional costs include translation, notarization, and apostille. Total costs range from $2,000-5,000 for straightforward matters to $10,000+ for complex proceedings. Our office provides transparent fee quotations during initial consultation — no hidden charges.

What happens if my application is rejected?

Turkish law provides robust appeal mechanisms: administrative reconsideration (15 days), judicial appeal at Administrative Court (60 days), and further appeal to Regional Court and Council of State. Success rates for well-prepared appeals are approximately 50-60%. Prompt action is essential — deadlines are strict. See also: related guide.

How long does hague convention turkey take?

Timelines vary: administrative procedures 30-90 days, judicial proceedings 6-18 months at first instance, citizenship by investment 4-7 months, residence permits 30-90 days. Your attorney provides a case-specific timeline estimate during initial consultation.

Is my information confidential?

Yes. Attorney-client privilege (avukat-müvekkil gizliliği) is protected under Turkish law (Attorney Law No. 1136). All consultations and case information are strictly confidential. Our office implements additional security measures for sensitive matters.

Why Professional Legal Assistance Matters for Hague Convention Turkey

Navigating hague convention turkey in Turkey without professional legal guidance creates significant risks: missed statutory deadlines (Turkish law imposes strict time limits — 15 days for administrative appeals, 60 days for judicial appeals, 1 year for certain claims), documentation errors (improperly apostilled or translated documents are the cause of application rejections), and procedural mistakes (each Turkish authority has specific submission requirements that are not always publicly documented). Attorney Bilal Alyar (İstanbul Bar Association, Reg. No: 54965) has extensive experience handling hague convention turkey matters for foreign nationals from diverse legal backgrounds — providing bilingual guidance that bridges the gap between the client’s home country system and Turkish law.

Our firm’s approach to hague convention turkey: comprehensive initial assessment (identifying all applicable legal frameworks, potential challenges, and optimal strategies), transparent fee quotation (compliant with the TBB Minimum Fee Schedule, no hidden charges), proactive communication (regular status updates, immediate notification of any developments), and result-oriented representation (leveraging deep knowledge of Turkish administrative and judicial processes to achieve the most favorable outcome). For foreign nationals who cannot be present in Turkey, most aspects of hague convention turkey can be managed remotely through a power of attorney (vekaletname) prepared at any Turkish consulate worldwide. Contact: +90 545 199 25 25 | info@bilalalyar.av.tr | Cevizli, Enderun Sk. No:10C D:58, 34865 Kartal/İstanbul.

Detailed Legal Analysis: Hague Convention Turkey in Turkey

Under Turkish law, hague convention turkey is governed by TMK 4721 (Art. 161-184, 495-512), MÖHUK 5718. Turkey’s civil law framework provides structured procedures with predictable outcomes. The International Private Law (MÖHUK No. 5718) determines applicable law for cross-border matters. Turkey’s 80+ bilateral treaties and international convention memberships (Hague, New York, ECHR) shape the regulatory landscape. Key agencies: Ministry of Interior (immigration), Ministry of Justice (courts), Revenue Administration (tax), SPK (capital markets), MASAK (AML). The e-Devlet portal has digitalized many processes. See our comprehensive guide for details.

Process Overview: (1) Initial assessment with qualified attorney, (2) document preparation (apostille + sworn translation + notary), (3) application/filing through relevant authority, (4) processing period (30-90 days administrative, 6-18 months judicial), (5) decision and implementation/appeal. All foreign documents require: apostille (Hague countries) or embassy legalization, certified Turkish translation by sworn translator (yeminli tercüman), and notary authentication. Turkish tax ID (vergi kimlik numarası) is required for most transactions — obtained free, same-day from any tax office.

Costs, Requirements, and Key Considerations

Costs: Government fees (published annually in Official Gazette), attorney fees (TBB Minimum Fee Schedule), translation ~150-300 TRY/page, notary ~200-500 TRY/authentication. Common Challenges: Language barrier (all proceedings in Turkish), strict documentation standards, evolving regulations, and timeline variability. Solutions: Engage bilingual legal counsel early, prepare complete documentation before submission, monitor regulatory changes, and use online tracking systems (e-Devlet, UYAP). Power of attorney (vekaletname) from Turkish consulate enables remote handling of most matters.

Guidance and FAQ

What is the first step?

Consult Attorney Bilal Alyar (İstanbul Bar, Reg. No: 54965) for case-specific assessment. Contact: +90 545 199 25 25 | info@bilalalyar.av.tr | Cevizli, Enderun Sk. No:10C D:58, 34865 Kartal/İstanbul.

How long does hague convention turkey take?

Administrative: 30-90 days. Judicial: 6-18 months. CBI: 4-7 months. Residence permits: 30-90 days.

Can I handle this remotely?

Most matters can be managed through a power of attorney (vekaletname) from a Turkish consulate. Your attorney handles all in-person requirements.

Detailed Legal Analysis: Hague Convention Turkey in Turkey

Under Turkish law, hague convention turkey is governed by TMK 4721 (161-184, 495-512), MÖHUK 5718. Turkey’s civil law framework — rooted in Swiss, German, and Italian codifications — provides structured procedures. The International Private Law (MÖHUK No. 5718) determines applicable law for cross-border matters. Turkey’s 80+ bilateral treaties and memberships in Hague Conventions, New York Convention, and ECHR further shape the landscape. Key agencies: Ministry of Interior (immigration), Ministry of Justice (courts), Revenue Administration (tax), SPK (capital markets), MASAK (AML). See our comprehensive guide.

Process: (1) Initial assessment with qualified attorney, (2) document preparation — all foreign documents require apostille + sworn translation (yeminli tercüman) + notary certification, (3) application through relevant authority (e-ikamet for residence, MERSIS for companies, Land Registry for property), (4) processing (30-90 days administrative, 6-18 months judicial), (5) decision and implementation/appeal. Turkish tax ID (vergi kimlik numarası) is needed for most transactions — obtained free, same-day from any tax office. Power of attorney (vekaletname) from a Turkish consulate enables remote handling.

Requirements, Costs, and Practical Considerations

Documentation: Valid passport (original + Turkish translation), Turkish tax ID, apostilled foreign documents with sworn translations, situation-specific certificates. Costs: Government fees (Official Gazette schedules), attorney fees (TBB Minimum Fee Schedule), translation ~150-300 TRY/page, notary ~200-500 TRY. Challenges: Language (all proceedings in Turkish), documentation standards, evolving regulations, timeline variability. Solutions: Bilingual legal counsel, complete documentation before submission, proactive monitoring via e-Devlet/UYAP portals. For detailed guidance on your specific matter, contact Attorney Bilal Alyar.

Guidance and FAQ

What is the first step for hague convention turkey?

Consult Attorney Bilal Alyar (İstanbul Bar, Reg. No: 54965) for case-specific assessment. +90 545 199 25 25 | info@bilalalyar.av.tr | Cevizli, Enderun Sk. No:10C D:58, 34865 Kartal/İstanbul.

How long does hague convention turkey take?

Administrative: 30-90 days. Judicial: 6-18 months. CBI: 4-7 months. Permits: 30-90 days.

Can I handle this remotely?

Most matters can be managed through power of attorney from a Turkish consulate. Your attorney handles in-person requirements.

Detailed Legal Analysis: Hague Convention Turkey in Turkey

Under Turkish law, hague convention turkey is governed by TMK 4721 (161-184, 495-512), MÖHUK 5718. Turkey’s civil law framework — rooted in Swiss, German, and Italian codifications — provides structured procedures with predictable outcomes. The International Private Law (MÖHUK No. 5718) determines applicable law for cross-border matters. Turkey’s 80+ bilateral treaties and memberships in international conventions (Hague, New York, ECHR) shape the regulatory landscape. Key agencies: Ministry of Interior (immigration), Ministry of Justice (courts), Revenue Administration (tax), SPK (capital markets), MASAK (AML). The e-Devlet portal and UYAP judiciary system provide digital access. See our comprehensive guide.

Process: (1) Initial assessment with qualified attorney, (2) document preparation — all foreign documents require apostille (Hague Convention countries) or embassy legalization + sworn translation (yeminli tercüman) + notary certification, (3) application through relevant authority, (4) processing (30-90 days administrative, 6-18 months judicial), (5) decision and implementation/appeal. Turkish tax ID (vergi kimlik numarası) is needed for most transactions — free, same-day from any tax office. Power of attorney (vekaletname) from Turkish consulate enables remote handling of most matters.

Requirements, Costs, and Practical Considerations

Documentation: Valid passport (original + Turkish translation), Turkish tax ID, apostilled foreign documents with sworn translations, and situation-specific certificates. Costs: Government fees (annual Official Gazette), attorney fees (TBB Minimum Fee Schedule), translation ~150-300 TRY/page, notary ~200-500 TRY. Common Challenges: Language (all proceedings in Turkish), strict documentation standards, evolving regulations, timeline variability. Solutions: Bilingual legal counsel, complete pre-submission document review, proactive monitoring via e-Devlet/UYAP, and power of attorney for remote management.

Guidance and FAQ

What is the first step for hague convention turkey?

Consult Attorney Bilal Alyar (İstanbul Bar, Reg. No: 54965). +90 545 199 25 25 | info@bilalalyar.av.tr | Cevizli, Enderun Sk. No:10C D:58, 34865 Kartal/İstanbul.

How long does hague convention turkey take?

Administrative: 30-90 days. Judicial: 6-18 months. CBI: 4-7 months. Permits: 30-90 days.

Can I handle this remotely?

Most matters via power of attorney from Turkish consulate. Attorney handles in-person requirements.

Cryptocurrency Regulation Framework in Turkey

Under the Turkish legal system, this area is regulated by 5549 Sayılı MASAK Kanunu. Turkey follows the continental law system, and relevant legislation is regularly updated. According to the latest regulations in force as of 2026, all relevant parties must fulfill their legal obligations. Failure to comply may result in administrative fines and criminal penalties, the severity of which depends on the nature of the violation.

Case law from the Turkish Constitutional Court (Anayasa Mahkemesi) and the Court of Cassation (Yargıtay) plays a significant role in this field. Recent judicial trends have been developing in the direction of strengthening the protection of individual rights. It is important to work with an attorney who stays current with the latest precedents to develop an effective legal strategy.

Attorney Bilal Alyar, registered with the İstanbul Bar Association (Registration No: 54965), has extensive experience in this field and provides professional legal services to both domestic and international clients. For effective resolution of complex legal issues, it is recommended to seek professional counsel at an early stage. Contact us at +90 545 199 25 25 or info@bilalalyar.av.tr.

SPK Compliance and Licensing Requirements

Under the Turkish legal system, this area is regulated by 7518 Sayılı Kripto Varlık Kanunu. Turkey follows the continental law system, and relevant legislation is regularly updated. According to the latest regulations in force as of 2026, all relevant parties must fulfill their legal obligations. Failure to comply may result in administrative fines and criminal penalties, the severity of which depends on the nature of the violation.

Case law from the Turkish Constitutional Court (Anayasa Mahkemesi) and the Court of Cassation (Yargıtay) plays a significant role in this field. Recent judicial trends have been developing in the direction of strengthening the protection of individual rights. It is important to work with an attorney who stays current with the latest precedents to develop an effective legal strategy.

Attorney Bilal Alyar, registered with the İstanbul Bar Association (Registration No: 54965), has extensive experience in this field and provides professional legal services to both domestic and international clients. For effective resolution of complex legal issues, it is recommended to seek professional counsel at an early stage. Contact us at +90 545 199 25 25 or info@bilalalyar.av.tr.

AML/KYC Obligations Under Turkish Law

Under the Turkish legal system, this area is regulated by 6362 Sayılı SPK Kanunu. Turkey follows the continental law system, and relevant legislation is regularly updated. According to the latest regulations in force as of 2026, all relevant parties must fulfill their legal obligations. Failure to comply may result in administrative fines and criminal penalties, the severity of which depends on the nature of the violation.

Case law from the Turkish Constitutional Court (Anayasa Mahkemesi) and the Court of Cassation (Yargıtay) plays a significant role in this field. Recent judicial trends have been developing in the direction of strengthening the protection of individual rights. It is important to work with an attorney who stays current with the latest precedents to develop an effective legal strategy.

Attorney Bilal Alyar, registered with the İstanbul Bar Association (Registration No: 54965), has extensive experience in this field and provides professional legal services to both domestic and international clients. For effective resolution of complex legal issues, it is recommended to seek professional counsel at an early stage. Contact us at +90 545 199 25 25 or info@bilalalyar.av.tr.

Cryptocurrency Taxation in Turkey

Under the Turkish legal system, this area is regulated by 5549 Sayılı MASAK Kanunu. Turkey follows the continental law system, and relevant legislation is regularly updated. According to the latest regulations in force as of 2026, all relevant parties must fulfill their legal obligations. Failure to comply may result in administrative fines and criminal penalties, the severity of which depends on the nature of the violation.

Case law from the Turkish Constitutional Court (Anayasa Mahkemesi) and the Court of Cassation (Yargıtay) plays a significant role in this field. Recent judicial trends have been developing in the direction of strengthening the protection of individual rights. It is important to work with an attorney who stays current with the latest precedents to develop an effective legal strategy.

Attorney Bilal Alyar, registered with the İstanbul Bar Association (Registration No: 54965), has extensive experience in this field and provides professional legal services to both domestic and international clients. For effective resolution of complex legal issues, it is recommended to seek professional counsel at an early stage. Contact us at +90 545 199 25 25 or info@bilalalyar.av.tr.

Investor Protection and Dispute Resolution

Under the Turkish legal system, this area is regulated by 7518 Sayılı Kripto Varlık Kanunu. Turkey follows the continental law system, and relevant legislation is regularly updated. According to the latest regulations in force as of 2026, all relevant parties must fulfill their legal obligations. Failure to comply may result in administrative fines and criminal penalties, the severity of which depends on the nature of the violation.

Case law from the Turkish Constitutional Court (Anayasa Mahkemesi) and the Court of Cassation (Yargıtay) plays a significant role in this field. Recent judicial trends have been developing in the direction of strengthening the protection of individual rights. It is important to work with an attorney who stays current with the latest precedents to develop an effective legal strategy.

Attorney Bilal Alyar, registered with the İstanbul Bar Association (Registration No: 54965), has extensive experience in this field and provides professional legal services to both domestic and international clients. For effective resolution of complex legal issues, it is recommended to seek professional counsel at an early stage. Contact us at +90 545 199 25 25 or info@bilalalyar.av.tr.